4.6 Types of Approaches

VISUAL APPROACH

4.6.1 To expedite traffic IFR flights may be cleared to execute visual approaches under the following conditions:-

  1. During the Initial Approach Phase,
    1. when the pilot reports aerodrome in sight and reasonable assurance exists that visual reference to the terrain can be maintained; and
    2. the aircraft is within 25 nm of the aerodrome (NON – ICAO); and
    3. the reported cloud ceiling is not below the IAA,
  2. During the Intermediate and Final Approach Phases
    1. the pilot requests a visual approach; and
    2. the visibility will permit a visual approach and there is reasonable assurance that the landing can be accomplished visually.

    Note: Controllers shall exercise caution in initiating a visual approach when there is reason to believe that the flight crew concerned is not familiar with the aerodrome and its surrounding terrain. Controllers should also take into consideration the prevailing traffic and weather conditions when initiating visual approaches.

4.6.2 Standard separation shall be provided between an aircraft cleared to execute a visual approach and all other controlled flights.

INSTRUMENT APPROACH

4.6.3 If standard instrument approach and missed approach procedures are published, no specific instructions need be given. If, however, the pilot requests information on the procedure, the following shall be passed to him:

  1. Type of approach and facility (VOR, NDB, ILS, RNAV).
  2. Initial Approach Altitude.
  3. Outbound track in degrees magnetic.
  4. Procedure turn (left or right).
  5. Final approach track in degrees magnetic.
  6. Obstacle clearance limit.
  7. Missed approach procedure, when deemed necessary.

4.6.4 Even if visual reference to the ground is established before completion of the approach procedures, a pilot will normally complete the entire procedure. At his request, however, clearance may be granted from him to break off the instrument procedure and proceed directly to the airfield visually. Nevertheless, he will continue to be an IFR flight unless he becomes fully VMC and cancels his IFR flight plan.

Note: Aircraft executing an instrument approache under approach control need not be separated by the standard minima from traffic operating within the aerodrome traffic circuit under aerodrome control.